Geography Class 10 Chapter 9 Tourism Transport Communication Solutions

Answer

A well-developed transport system is essential for the financial, social and cultural development of a country.

Apart from people, goods also require efficient transportation facilities. This is important for the progress of the country.

Road transport can have a dense network of roads connecting even the remotest places.

Also although, waterways are comparatively cheap modes of transport, they are important for carrying out business and trade.

Airways ensure the international connectivity of a country and also give impetus to trade as well as communication.

It can be said that, the goods that are exported from the country and the foreign currency derived from it is possible only due to a well-developed transport system.

Answer

Railways is an easy and convenient mode of transport. It is suitable for the transportation of people as well as goods.

The railway network is dense in North Indian Plains and in areas where the slopes are gentle.

Also, this area has a high population and well-developed agriculture and industries.

This has lead to increased urbanisation in these regions, as a result of which a dense network of railways has developed in the north Indian plains

Answer

Ecotourism is the tourist activities mainly engaged towards the inherent natural environment to support preservation and conservation of the exquisite flora and fauna.

Eco-tourism means responsible travel to natural areas without causing damage to the environment.

Ecotourism is being developed more in Brazil because of its richness in natural resources.

Brazil has the largest number of vegetation species in the world including Amazon, the largest rainforest of the world and a great diversity of wild life.

The Amazon River basin and the impenetrable forests, widespread beaches and bays in the coast, attractive islands and the innumerable species of flora and fauna makes Brazil an attractive tourist destination.

Because of the abundance of natural resources in the country, ecotourism is also being promoted with the participation of local people.

Answer

Waterways have been developed on a commercial basis in the Amazon River.

Boats ply from Equitos in Peru to the mouth of Amazon River. This river has the longest navigational stretch of approximately 3700 km. The port of Manaus has been developed at the confluence of Negro river and Amazon River.

In addition to this, the Parana River of the south is also suitable for water transport. Coastal shipping is also carried out in the coastal areas.

Thus, we can infer that the waterways are developed in Brazil.

Answer

Foreign trade or international trade is the exchange of goods and services between countries. It is an important component of the economy.

Waterways have been the most common means of transport from earlier days. Waterways are the cheapest and easiest way of carrying bulky goods over long distances.

One of its greatest benefits is that it does not require any route construction or maintenance.

Sea routes and oceanic routes are most beneficial for transporting bulky goods from one country to another.

Waterways is a major means of domestic and foreign trade. But, to establish as a major trading centre, the port must have a well-connected rail and road transit network.

In India, sparse network of railway is found in Rajasthan.

Less transportation routes are found in western and internal part of Brazil.

Railway network is less dense in the North Indian plains- Wrong

Correct statement-

Railway network is dense in the North Indian Plains.

Answer

The means of transport visible on the map are national highways and major ports.

The density of railways is more in the northern plains area.

Ports: Mumbai, Kochi (Cochin), Chennai, Vishakhapatnam, Kolkata

Airports: Delhi, Ahmedabad, Mumbai, Bengaluru, Thiruvananthapuram

a. North and some north eastern parts of India have a sparse network of transport.

b. This is because mountain areas, snow-covered mountains, areas with fear of mountain slides, and areas prone to earthquakes have a sparse network of transport. Moreover, the population is extremely less in these areas.

Mumbai, Kochi (Cochin), Porbandar, Kandla are the major ports of western coast.

The means of transport visible on the map are national highways and major ports.

The density of railways is more in the northern plains area.

The ports of eastern coast of India are Kolkata, Vishakhapatnam, Chennai.

North and some north eastern parts of India have a sparse network of transport.

North-South highway connects Kanyakumari and Srinagar.

East-West highway joins Porbandar and Silchar.

Brazilian standard time is ahead of Indian standard time- Wrong

Correct statement-

Brazilian standard time is behind Indian standard time.

Answer

This statement is right.

Reason:

India possesses great natural diversity, with extensive coastal regions and numerous historical sites.

Owing to its attractive landscapes, heritage monuments, and various other unique features, the number of foreign tourists visiting India is on the rise. Both foreign and domestic tourists travel across the country for experiences like marine tourism, wildlife tourism, medical tourism, and more. Consequently, many tourist spots have been developed with facilities such as accommodation, transportation, and food.

With the rise in tourism, the country earns foreign exchange, contributing to India’s economic growth.

This shows that the development of tourism in India has started and is expanding quickly.

Answer

Right

Reason: The future of tourism is bright in India not just because of its natural diversity but also due to the cultural heritage of the country. The number of both foreign as well as Indian tourists visiting different parts of the country is steadily increasing. People visit the country for its natural, scenic beauty, heritage, culture, civilisations and healthy nourishment.

Tourism is strongly being promoted by the government and is an important component of the country’s national income.

Answer

Right

Explanation:

Tourism is correctly classified as an invisible trade because it involves the exchange of services, not goods.

The densely forested plains of the Amazon River Basin, as well as swampy lands, prevented railway expansion in Brazil.

Large areas of Brazil are unpopulated. Roadways are the most popular means of transportation in Eastern Brazil, and waterways have developed commercially along the Amazon River.

Only a few cities, as well as visitors, use trains for long-distance transportation. These are the challenges in developing the railway system in Brazil’s internal regions.

Communication is the process of sharing facts, ideas, opinions, and feelings between two or more persons. It involves the interchange of information and thoughts to create mutual understanding. Communication is not simply the transmission of a message but also includes ensuring that the message is understood by the receiver and receiving feedback or response from the receiver.

It is a two-way and continuous process that can occur through written, verbal, or gestural messages.

The number of females per 1000 males in a region is called the sex ratio.

Tourism is one of the largest growing service industries in Brazil. Tourism rates are rising steeply in Brazil since the 2000s. There was a setback in the tourism industry between 2006 and 2008, but the economy is back on track from then.

Today, Brazil is one of the most visited countries in South America.

Brazil’s cultural integrity and natural beauty are not the only factors that draw tourists. Brazil is also a very popular business destination. Many MNCs have their headquarters in Brazil.

The Amazon River basin and the impenetrable forests, widespread beaches and bays on the coast, attractive islands, and the innumerable species of flora and fauna make Brazil an attractive tourist destination.

Many places are tagged by UNESCO as World Heritage Sites. Besides the capital city of Brasilia, cities like Rio-de-Janeiro and Sao Paulo also attract vast tourist traffic.

Because of the abundance of natural resources in the country, ecotourism is also being promoted with the participation of local people.

Most of the visitors are from Argentina, the United States, and Italy. To promote tourism, tourist VISA requirements have been renounced for many countries including Greece, Italy, Hong Kong, Poland, Turkey, and many others. Thus, tourism is a large developing industry in Brazil.

Air way is the costliest mode of transportation.

The development of technology has accelerated the communication process in the world.

Internet and satellites are the harbingers of today’s fast-expanding digital communication network. Information and Communication Technology (IT) is an important driving force for the success of today’s communication.

Telecommunication facilities, especially the internet has significantly contributed to the development of communication between countries in different continents.

Answer

In India, the telecom industry has become one of the fastest-growing sectors.

In this era of information and communicaion, digitally enhanced communication devices like mobile phones, the internet, satellites etc. are paving way to expansion for the wider reach of communicaion technology.

India is one of the largest users of smartphones and the internet.

With the development of our satellites, India has come a long way in this field.

The space launching programme in India is looked after by India Space Research Organisation (ISRO) ISRO has developed several satellites for India.

Answer

Telecommunication services in Brazil are well-developed and efficient. This industry includes landlines as well as mobile services, television broadcasting, radio broadcasting, and computer/internet access.

Today, more than 45% of the Brazilian population has access to the internet.

The telecommunications infrastructure is fairly modern, particularly in central-south Brazil. However, the north and northwest are drastically less developed.

Answer

In India, beautiful monuments, heritage, culture, natural beauty, adventure sports, medical tourism, business tourism attract foreign tourists.

Considering the heritage of India, there are plenty of opportunities for tourism in many parts of the country. Many places are being developed for this purpose.

Gateway of India in Mumbai, Ajanta caves in Aurangabad, etc. are the heritage places that attract foreign tourists.

Many tourists visit the north-eastern states of India due to their natural beauty as well as specific art and culture. For e.g. Guwahati in Assam, places in Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland, etc.

Moreover, some natural heritage sites like Kaziranga National Park, Sundurbans National Park, etc. are visited by many tourists.

Many religious places are also developed as tourist places such as Varanasi, Hrishikesh, Rameshwaram, etc.

Answer

In Brazil, out of all transportation routes, roadways are the maximum.

Roads are most dense in the eastern part. The forested lands of Amazon River basin and the swampy lands have limited the development of roadways.

Railways are less developed. The use of trains for long-distance transportation of passengers is restricted to a few urban tourist routes though it is a cheaper mode of transport.

In Brazil, navigation on Amazon river is mainly for commercial purposes. The longest waterway in the world, from the mouth of the Amazon to Equitos in Peru (approximately 3700 km.) passes through Brazil.

Parana River in the south is an important river used for water transport.

Coastal shipping is also carried out in the coastal areas.

The contribution of airways in the transportation system of the country is less.

Answer

Sao Paulo, Rio de janeiro, Manaus, Brasilia are the tourist cities of Brazil.

Answer

Standard time of a country is the time of the country determined legally and is binding on all the regions. It is the harmonisation of different time zones in a geographical area rather than using the solar time. It was established in the 19th century to enable weather forecasting and set railway timings.

Some of the importance of following a standard time is:

It helps in avoiding confusions of time differences that can happen between the extreme points in the same country.

It helps in properly scheduling the railway and the airway timings.

It helps in making defined schedules for meeting with the delegates from other foreign countries.

It helps to coordinate activities and reduces the loss of time incurred in adjusting the time zones.

It helps to improve communication across the same country.

Answer

Airways is the fastest mode of transport of the century. It is also the most expensive means. Aeroplanes and helicopters are the major air transport modes.

Presently, airways are the only mode of transport to reach remote locations that have no road and rail connectivity.

Helicopters play a major role during natural calamities or wars for rescuing people and distributing food and other essentials, especially in inaccessible areas.

It is essential in a country like India that has different terrains and long distances between places.

Air transport in India was started in 1911. It is managed by Air India. IndiGo, Air India, Spicejet, and GoAir are the major transit corporations.

India’s is the world’s third-largest domestic and overall civil aviation sector. India has a total of 499 airports.

To achieve connectivity and utilizing the potential of under-rated airports, the government has launched the UDAN scheme in April 2017.

Answer

India has an extensive network of waterways including lakes, canals, oceans, and other inland water systems. The total navigable area is 14500 km.

Waterways have been the most common means of transport from earlier days. Waterways are the cheapest and easiest way of carrying bulky goods over long distances.

One of its greatest benefits is that it does not require any route construction or maintenance. Waterways can be inland waterways or sea routes.

Navigable rivers, canals, backwaters, and lakes are used as inland waterways. It was the major means of transportation before the advent of railways and roadways.

Inland waterways are the only means of transportation through dense, impenetrable forests and areas defined by certain tribal groups.

Sea routes and oceanic routes are mostly used for transporting bulky goods from one country to another.

Waterways is a major means of domestic and foreign trade.

Answer

Communication is the process of sending or receiving information from others through different means of communication. In the earlier days, letters and word-of-mouth were the only means of communication. Newspapers became widespread with the development of the printing press.

However, the development of technology has accelerated the communication process in the world.

Internet and satellites are the harbingers of today’s fast-expanding digital communication network. Information and Communication Technology (IT) is an important driving force for the success of today’s communication.

Telecommunication facilities, especially the Internet, have significantly contributed to the development of communication between countries on different continents.

The development of services like e-banking has increased the pace at which transactions are carried out around the world. Today, the world is just a click away. Information is transmitted in seconds, and the world has shrunk inside our hands.

Any information can be accessed via the internet, and communication has become highly centralised through satellites. The information revolution through digital means like mobile phones and social media has also expanded the communication network between countries.